Throughout history, the criminal justice administration kept on changing to address the issues and challenges of its time, which ultimately resulted in the development of a full-fledged criminal justice administration system. However, despite having such a comprehensive and clearly defined criminal justice system, wherein law enforcement agencies such as the police, judiciary, and prison authorities play crucial roles, human society around the globe continues to face complex issues and challenges concerning crime and punishment and the fair administration of these processes. Consequently, it is incumbent on every society to keep an eye on the issues and challenges of its period so that just and proper administration can be ensured for peace and order to prevail. This work is a humble contribution towards the lofty ideal to fulfil this task, this edited book aims to identify the contemporary issues and challenges of the criminal justice system which India is confronting. This is an effort to address the nation’s most pressing and critical issues presently, such as the administration of anti-terrorism laws in the criminal justice system, the remission policy, the delay in the justice system's administration, hate crimes, online hate crimes, cybercrimes, the death penalty, management of prison authorities and prisoner reform, economic offences, Police arbitrariness, etc.